-----
> [!proposition]+ Proposition. ([[fibers of path-connected space under covering map are in bijection]])
> Let $p: \widetilde{X} \to X$ be a [[covering space]] and $X$ be [[path-connected]]. Then the sets $p ^{-1}(x)$ for $x \in X$ are all in [[bijection]].
^proposition
> [!proof]+ Proof. ([[fibers of path-connected space under covering map are in bijection]])
> Fix $x_{0},x_{1} \in X$ and $\gamma:[0,1] \to X$ a [[parameterized curve]] between them. For each $y_{0} \in p ^{-1}(x_{0})$ let $\tilde{\gamma}_{y_{0}}$ be [[the homotopy lifting lemma|the lift]] of $\gamma$ starting at $y_{0}$. Define the function $\gamma_{*}: p ^{-1}(x_{0}) \to p ^{-1}(x_{1}), y_{0} \mapsto \tilde{\gamma}_{y_{0}}(1).$
Similarly, the inverse path $\overline{\gamma}$ defines a function $\overline{\gamma_{*}}:p ^{-1}(x_{1}) \to p ^{-1}(x_{0})$ which takes a point $y_{1} \in p ^{-1} (x_{1})$ to the endpoint of the [[lifting|lift]] of $\overline{\gamma}$ starting at $y_{1}$.
We claim the two functions are [[inverse map|inverses]]. Indeed, $\begin{align}
\overline{\gamma_{*}} \circ {\gamma_{*}}(y_{0}) = & \overline{\gamma_{*}} (\tilde{\gamma}_{y_{0}}(1)) \\
= & \text{endpoint of lift of $\overline{\gamma}$ starting at } \tilde{\gamma}_{y_{0}}(1) \\
= & \text{endpoint of lift of } \overline{\gamma} * \gamma \text{ starting at } y_{0}\\
=& \text{endpoint of lift of } c_{x_{0}} \text{ starting at } y_{0}
=& y_{0}
\end{align}$
and an entirely analogous computation witnesses the right inverse.
( $*$ denotes the [[fundamental groupoid|path concatenation operation]]. ) Note the relationship between $\gamma_{*}$ here and the function defined in [[lifting correspondence derived from a covering map|lifting correspondence]].
![[CleanShot 2024-06-06 at
[email protected]|300]]
^proof
----
#### References
> [!backlink]
> ```dataview
> TABLE rows.file.link as "Further Reading"
> FROM [[]]
> FLATTEN file.tags as Tag
> WHERE Tag = "#definition" OR Tag = "#theorem" OR Tag = "#MOC" OR Tag = "#proposition" OR Tag = "#axiom"
> GROUP BY Tag
> ```
> [!frontlink]
> ```dataview
> TABLE rows.file.link as "Further Reading"
> FROM outgoing([[]])
> FLATTEN file.tags as Tag
> WHERE Tag = "#definition" OR Tag = "#theorem" OR Tag = "#MOC" OR Tag = "#proposition" OR Tag = "#axiom"
> GROUP BY Tag
> ```
#reformatrevisebatch01