Examples:: *[[Examples]]* Nonexamples:: *[[Nonexamples]]* Constructions:: *[[Constructions|Used in the construction of...]]* Specializations:: *[[Specializations]]* Generalizations:: [[Euclidean diffeomorphism]] Justifications and Intuition:: *[[Justifications and Intuition]]* Properties:: *[[Properties]]* Sufficiencies:: [[Euclidean diffeomorphism|diffeomorphisms are homeomorphisms]] Equivalences:: *[[Equivalences]]* ---- > [!definition] Definition. ([[homeomorphism]]) > Let $X$ and $Y$ be [[topological space|topological spaces]]. A map $f: X \to Y$ is called a **homeomorphism** provided that > - $f$ is [[bijection|bijective]]; > - $f$ is [[continuous]]; > - $f^{-1}$ is [[continuous]]. > > > The postfix 'morphism' indicates the **homeomorphisms** preserve the *topological structure* of the spaces involved (compare to [[group homomorphism]], [[Euclidean diffeomorphism|diffeomorphism]]). > The **homeomorpism [[group]]** of a [[topological space]] $X$ is its [[automorphism|automorphism group]] as an object in the [[category]] $\mathsf{Top}$. Explicitly, it is sometimes denoted $\text{homeo}(X)$, and is the set of [[homeomorphism|homeomorphisms]] from $X$ to itself endowed with function composition as the [[binary operation|group operation]]. ^17e02c > [!equivalence] > Equivalently, $f:X \to Y$ is a **homeomorphism** provided that it is a bijection for which $f(U)$ is [[open set|open]] *iff* $U$ is [[open set|open]]. > > [!intuition] > So, **homeomorphisms** give us bijective correspondences not only between $X$ and $Y$ but between the collections of *open sets* of $X$ and $Y$. As such, any 'topological property of $X (a property described in terms of the open sets of $X$) yields, via the correspondence $f$, the corresponding property for $Y$. > [!equivalence] > $f$ is a [[homeomorphism]] if and only if it is a [[continuous]] and [[bijection|bijective]] [[open map]]. > [!basicexample]- > ###### Homeomorphism that is *not* a [[Euclidean diffeomorphism|diffeomorphism]]: > ![[CleanShot 2023-01-09 at 13.52.45.jpg]] > [!basicnonexample]- > ![[CleanShot 2023-01-09 at [email protected]]] > \ > Or, even more simply, the identity function from $\mathbb{R}_{\ell}$ to $\mathbb{R}$ is [[continuous]] but not a [[homeomorphism]]. ---- #### ---- #### References > [!backlink] > ```dataview > TABLE rows.file.link as "Further Reading" > FROM [[]] > FLATTEN file.tags as Tag > WHERE Tag = "#definition" OR Tag = "#theorem" OR Tag = "#MOC" OR Tag = "#proposition" OR Tag = "#axiom" > GROUP BY Tag > ``` > [!frontlink] > ```dataview > TABLE rows.file.link as "Further Reading" > FROM outgoing([[]]) > FLATTEN file.tags as Tag > WHERE Tag = "#definition" OR Tag = "#theorem" OR Tag = "#MOC" OR Tag = "#proposition" OR Tag = "#axiom" > GROUP BY Tag > ``` ----