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> [!proposition] Proposition. ([[prime iff maximal for nonzero ideals in PID]])
> Let $R$ be a [[PID]], and let $I=\langle a \rangle$ be a nonzero [[ideal]] in $R$. Then $I$ is [[prime ideal|prime]] if and only if it is [[maximal ideal|maximal]].
^proposition
> [!proof]- Proof. ([[prime iff maximal for nonzero ideals in PID]])
>
>
[[maximal ideal|Maximal ideals]] are [[prime ideal|prime]] in every [[ring]], so we just have to show that in this special case $\text{prime} \implies \text{maximal}$. We will use the 'avoiding-quotient' characterizations of prime/maximal ideals.
>
Let $I=\langle a \rangle$ be a nonzero [[ideal]] in $R$ that is [[prime ideal|prime]] — i.e., $ab \in I \implies a \in I \text{ or }b \in I$ for all $a,b\in R$. Let $J=\langle b \rangle$ be an [[ideal]] of $R$ with $I = \langle a \rangle \subset \langle b \rangle = J$. Now, since $a \in \langle b \rangle$, $a=bc$ for some $c \in R$. Since of course $a=bc \in I$, this means $b \in I$ or $c \in I$. If $c \in I=\langle a \rangle$, then $c=da$ for some $d \in R$, thus $a=bc=bda.$
Since [[cancellation characterization of zero division|cancellation holds]] in [[integral domain|integral domains]] such as $R$, this means $1_{R}=bd \in J$ and hence $J=R$.
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#### References
> [!backlink]
> ```dataview
> TABLE rows.file.link as "Further Reading"
> FROM [[]]
> FLATTEN file.tags as Tag
> WHERE Tag = "#definition" OR Tag = "#theorem" OR Tag = "#MOC" OR Tag = "#proposition" OR Tag = "#axiom"
> GROUP BY Tag
> ```
> [!frontlink]
> ```dataview
> TABLE rows.file.link as "Further Reading"
> FROM outgoing([[]])
> FLATTEN file.tags as Tag
> WHERE Tag = "#definition" OR Tag = "#theorem" OR Tag = "#MOC" OR Tag = "#proposition" OR Tag = "#axiom"
> GROUP BY Tag
> ```