----
> [!definition] Definition. ([[separated scheme morphism]])
> Let $f:X\to Y$ be a [[morphism of locally ringed spaces|morphism of]] [[scheme|schemes]]. Let $\Delta: X \to X \times_{Y} X$ be the **diagonal morphism** arising via the [[categorical pullback|fiber product]] [[universal property]]:
>
> ```tikz
> \usepackage{tikz-cd}
> \usepackage{amsmath}
> \begin{document}
> % https://tikzcd.yichuanshen.de/#N4Igdg9gJgpgziAXAbVABwnAlgFyxMJZARgBoAmAXVJADcBDAGwFcYkQANEAX1PU1z5CKcqWLU6TVuy69+2PASKiqNBizaIQATR58QGBUKJlxaqZs4ACADo28AW3gB9bVdn7DgpSgAMpXwl1aS1ZCRgoAHN4IlAAMwAnCAckfxAcCCRRSQ12OJAaRnoAIxhGAAUBRWEQBKxIgAscPXiklMQydMzEbODLfLkQROSkAGYaDKRiQeH28a7UmbakABYJ7s7SsCgxtL72YmcPVpHENYXENKLSiqrjLTrG5potncQAWlG9iwOjlqHlmd1mNzLktHYYAAPLBwHBwKwAQlsNgAImUcPQCiBGFgwJYoPQ4A0IjxKNwgA
> \begin{tikzcd}
> X \arrow[rrd, "1_X", bend left] \arrow[rdd, "1_X"', bend right] \arrow[rd, "\exists ! \Delta", dashed] & & \\
> & X \times_Y X \arrow[r] \arrow[d] & X \arrow[d, "f"] \\
> & X \arrow[r, "f"'] & Y
> \end{tikzcd}
> \end{document}
> ```
> We say $f$ is **separated** if $\Delta$ is a [[subscheme|closed immersion]].
> [!equivalence]
> In practice, one uses the following criterion to check separatedness: ![[valuative criterion for separatedness#^theorem]]
^equivalence
> [!intuition]
> Separatedness is the algebro-geometric analogue of [[Hausdorff space|Hausdorffness]]. The latter notion is not useful here because the [[Zariski topology on a ring spectrum|Zariski topology]] is generally not Hausdorff. This definition plays on the "[[Hausdorff iff diagonal is closed]]" characterization of [[Hausdorff space|Hausdorffness]].
^intuition
----
####
----
#### References
> [!backlink]
> ```dataview
> TABLE rows.file.link as "Further Reading"
> FROM [[]]
> FLATTEN file.tags as Tag
> WHERE Tag = "#definition" OR Tag = "#theorem" OR Tag = "#MOC" OR Tag = "#proposition" OR Tag = "#axiom"
> GROUP BY Tag
> ```
> [!frontlink]
> ```dataview
> TABLE rows.file.link as "Further Reading"
> FROM outgoing([[]])
> FLATTEN file.tags as Tag
> WHERE Tag = "#definition" OR Tag = "#theorem" OR Tag = "#MOC" OR Tag = "#proposition" OR Tag = "#axiom"
> GROUP BY Tag
> ```